【作者】 闻亦汀；

【导师】 高地；

【作者基本信息】 东北师范大学， 思想政治教育， 2024， 博士

【摘要】 在日本中央政府面向全国中小学校下发的教育改革相关政策文件中,学校同家庭、社区之间构建“连携”关系是重要的改革方向。“连携”在日本教育政策中指的是:在相关机构、组织的协调下,学校同家庭、社区之间,统合各自教育资源,共同为实现学校教育目标而进行教育合作。经过日本中央政府所主导的持续性教育改革,现如今日本中小学已初步形成“连携式”德育体系。日本中小学“连携式”德育体系是在日本政府主导下,将日本中小学德育同学生家庭以及所在地社区联合起来,使家庭和社区有序、规范地参与并协助学校完成德育目标的一系列具体实践机制、模式的统称。总的来说,日本中小学“连携式”德育体系主要由日本政府、学校、家庭和社区构成,其中日本政府居于主导地位,负责以国家强制力和自身行政能力保障该体系的存在,并支持其具体运转;学校位于该体系的中枢地位是该体系的主要推手,且由日本政府制定的学校德育目标、内容和教育方法是中小学“连携式”德育体系的基本遵循;日本学生家长和各地社区人士则主要负责协助当地中小学校的德育推进教师开展德育活动。不仅如此,在家庭和社区参与学校德育活动的过程中,该体系还注重以学校德育对学生家庭和当地社区进行反向影响。在“学校—家庭”方面,学生家长在参与学校德育活动过程中,不仅能够接触、了解学校德育并在潜移默化中受到学校德育影响进而改善自身家庭教育的方式、方法,还在这一过程中间接地受到来自日本中央政府向其进行的主导意识形态宣传和教化。在“学校—社区”方面,日本中央政府相信中小学校的德育活动能够影响当地社区未来的发展。具体而言,日本中央政府认为地方社区人士所参与的学校德育活动,能够有助于日本儿童及青少年学生形成热爱家乡地区的积极情感,并且这种情感能够在很大程度上影响其未来的择业方向,使其在结束学校学习之后往往更容易选择留在当地、发展当地,进而成为日本地方复苏和未来发展的动力和活力。 本文坚持马克思主义立场、观点和方法,按照比较、批判、超越原则,对日本中小学“连携式”德育体系的概念、历史流变、现状特点、发展趋势以及主要问题进行深入、系统地考察,以期全面把握日本中小学“连携式”德育体系的具体机制、现实样态以及不足之处。全文主要分为五个部分,第一部分为引言,该部分主要讨论了本研究的研究缘起、研究综述、研究设计和研究要点;第二部分主要厘清本研究的基本概念,并阐明日本中小学“连携式”德育体系的历史流变和当代建构过程;第三部分主要分别从日本政府的顶层设计、校家关系以及校社关系三方面进行分析,以把握日本中小学“连携式”德育体系的基本架构、形成逻辑、参与主体以及现实进路;第四部分重点在于对日本中小学“连携式”德育体系进行理性审视:第五部分为本文的结论;具体来说: 第一章对该论文所关注的核心问题——日本中小学“连携式”德育体系,通过以下四个方面进行系统论述,分别是:研究缘起,该部分聚焦研究问题本身,论述该研究问题的现实意义;研究综述,该部分从国内、国外两方面对先前研究成果进行系统整理和分析;研究设计,该部分详细说明了围绕问题开展研究的思路和进行研究所使用的方法;研究要点,该部分介绍了本研究的研究重点与不足以及研究价值和创新之处,重点把握了本研究的意义和价值。 第二章探讨了日本中小学“连携式”德育体系的基本问题,一是对日本中小学校德育的基本概念、教学科目以及主要特点进行把握,澄清日本中小学校德育的本质、功能和特征;二是对本文核心词“连携”进行分析,并对日本中小学“连携式”德育体系的要旨进行系统说明;三是从历史的视角考察二战结束后日本中小学“连携式”德育体系的发展与演进过程,探究其发展方向。 第三章从国家顶层设计的角度考察日本中央和地方政府如何对中小学“连携式”德育体系进行建构和支持。研究发现日本中央政府从国家立法、改革政策与课程标准三个层面对日本中小学“连携式”德育体系进行相对体系化的顶层设计,并在该体系的具体运行中,在地方政府的协助下,通过推进相关举措,保障日本中小学“连携式”德育体系的流畅运行。 第四章从“学校—家庭”的角度考察日本中小学德育同家庭教育之间的双向互援。本部分首先从理论与现实层面探究日本中小学校和家庭之间进行德育“互援”的实践基础,并分析其核心特点;其次,分别对日本中小学“连携式”德育体系中校家互援的参与主体进行分析,探究其在该体系中的主要作用;最后,探究日本中小学“连携式”德育体系中校家互援的现实进路,以具有代表性的现实案例把握日本中小学校家德育互援的具体样态。 第五章从“学校—社区”的角度考察日本中小学德育同社区之间的双向补充。本部分首先从理论与现实层面探究日本中小学校和社区之间进行德育“互补”的实践基础,并分析其核心特点;其次,分别对日本中小学“连携式”德育体系中校社互补的参与主体进行分析,并探究其在该体系中的主要作用;最后,探究日本中小学“连携式”德育体系中校社互补的现实进路,以具有代表性的现实案例把握日本中小学校社德育互补的具体样态。 第六章在前文对日本中小学“连携式”德育体系历史和现状的研究基础之上,对日本中小学“连携式”德育体系的发展规律进行把握,并对其进行理性审视,进而提出对我国中小学校德育体系建设具有借鉴参考意义的启示。更多还原

【Abstract】 "Partnership" in Japan's education policy refers to the educational cooperation between schools,families and communities,under the coordination of relevant institutions and organizations,to integrate their respective educational resources and jointly achieve the educational goals of schools.Nowadays,under the background of "partnership",and after years of educational reform,the "partnering" moral education system in Japanese primary and secondary schools has taken shape.The "partnering" moral education system in Japanese primary and secondary schools is a collective name of a series of specific practical mechanisms and models that unite moral education in Japanese primary and secondary schools with students' families and local communities under the leadership of the Japanese government,so that families and communities can participate in moral education activities in primary and secondary schools in an orderly and standardized manner and help schools achieve moral education goals.The system is mainly composed of government,schools,families and communities,among which the Japanese government is in the leading position,and is responsible for ensuring the existence of the system and supporting its specific operation with national coercive power and its own administrative ability.The school is located in the central position of the system and is the main promoter of the system.The objectives,contents and educational methods of school moral education formulated by the Japanese government are the basic compliance of the "partnering" moral education system in primary and secondary schools.Students' parents and community members are mainly responsible for assisting teachers who promote moral education to carry out moral education activities.Moreover,in the process of family and community participating in school moral education activities,the system also pays attention to the reverse effect of school moral education on students' families and local communities.In the aspect of "school-family",parents of students can not only get in touch with and understand school moral education in the process of participating in school moral education activities,but also be influenced by school moral education in a subtle way and improve their own family education methods.Moreover,in this process,the Japanese central government indirectly corrected,publicized and educated the dominant ideology of the students' parents by taking school moral education as the carrier.In the aspect of "school-community",the Japanese central government believes that school moral education can affect the future development of local communities.And the Japanese central government believes that the school moral education activities participated by local Japanese community members can help Japanese children and young students develop positive emotion of loving their hometown,and this positive emotion can greatly affect the future career choice direction of students,and students who have positive emotion for their hometown are often more likely to choose to stay and develop locally after finishing school,which has become the driving force and vitality for local recovery and future development in Japan. Adhering to Marxist standpoint,viewpoint and method,and according to the principles of comparison,criticism and transcendence,this paper makes an in-depth and systematic investigation on the concept,historical evolution,current situation,characteristics,development trend and main problems of the "partnering" moral education system in Japanese primary and secondary schools,with a view to comprehensively grasping the specific mechanism,reality and shortcomings of the "partnering" moral education system in Japanese primary and secondary schools.The full text is mainly divided into five parts.The first part is the introduction(Chapter One),which mainly discusses the research origin,research summary,research design and main points of this study.The second part is Chapter Two,which mainly clarifies the basic concept of this study and expounds the historical evolution and contemporary construction process of the "partnering" moral education system in Japanese primary and secondary schools.The third part consists of Chapter Three,Chapter Four and Chapter Five,which respectively,from the Japanese government's top-level design,home-school mutual assistance and society-school complementarity,to grasp the basic structure,formation logic,specific participants and practical approach of the "partnering" moral education system in Japanese primary and secondary schools.The fourth part is Chapter Six,which focuses on the rational examination and critical reflection of the "partnering" moral education system in Japanese primary and secondary schools.The fifth part is Chapter Seven,which is the conclusion of this paper.Specifically: Chapter One mainly focuses on the core issue of this paper,that is,the "partnering" moral education system in Japanese primary and secondary schools,and systematically discusses it through the following four aspects: Firstly,the origin of the study,which focuses on the research itself and discusses the practical significance of the research;Secondly,the research summary,which systematically sorts out and analyzes the previous research results from both domestic and foreign aspects;Thirdly,research design,which explains in detail the ideas and methods used to carry out research around the questions;Fourthly,research points,which introduces the research focus and shortcomings,research value and innovation,and focuses on the significance and value of this study. Chapter Two mainly discusses the basic questions of the "partnering" moral education system in Japanese primary and secondary schools.Firstly,it grasps the basic concepts,teaching subjects and main characteristics of Japanese school moral education,and clarifies the essence,functions and characteristics of Japanese school moral education;Secondly,it analyzes the key word "partnership" in this paper,and systematically explains the gist of the "partnering" moral education system in Japanese primary and secondary schools;Thirdly,from a historical perspective,the development and evolution of the "partnering" moral education system in Japanese primary and secondary schools after the end of World War II are investigated,and its development direction is explored. Chapter Three mainly examines how the Japanese central and local governments construct and support the "partnering" moral education system in primary and secondary schools from the perspective of national macro-design.And the study found that the Japanese central government has formed a relatively systematic top-level design of the "partnering" moral education system in Japanese primary and secondary schools from the macro,meso and micro levels,such as national legislation,policies and curriculum standards,and has promoted relevant measures in the specific operation of the system to ensure its smooth operation. Chapter Four mainly examines the mutual assistance between moral education in primary and secondary schools and family education from the perspective of "school-family".Firstly,this part explores the formation logic of "two-way support" between Japanese primary and secondary schools and families from the theoretical and practical levels,and analyzes its core characteristics;Secondly,it respectively analyzes the participants of "two-way support" in the "partnering" moral education system in Japanese primary and secondary schools,and explores their main role in this system;Finally,it explores the realistic approach of family-school mutual assistance in the "partnering" moral education system in Japanese primary and secondary schools,and grasps the concrete form of the mutual assistance with representative realistic cases. Chapter Five mainly examines the two-way supplement of moral education between primary and secondary schools and communities in Japan from the perspective of "school-community".Firstly,this part explores the formation logic of "two-way supplement" of moral education between Japanese primary and secondary schools and communities from the theoretical and practical levels,and analyzes its core characteristics;Secondly,it respectively analyzes the participants of "two-way supplement" in the "partnering" moral education system in Japanese primary and secondary schools,and explores their main role in this system;Finally,it explores the realistic approach of school-community mutual supplement in the "partnering" moral education system in Japanese primary and secondary schools,and grasps the concrete form of the mutual supplement with representative realistic cases. Chapter Six,on the basis of the previous research on the history and present situation of the "partnering" moral education system in Japanese primary and secondary schools,this part grasps its development law and makes a rational examination,and then puts forward the enlightenment that has reference significance for the construction of the cooperative moral education system in primary and secondary schools in China.更多还原