【作者】 殷秋思；

【导师】 凡石磊；

【作者基本信息】 华中师范大学， 学科教学（数学）（专业学位）， 2024， 硕士

【副题名】以《勾股定理》为例

【摘要】 面对新课标的要求以及中考方向的变化,要重视培养学生的能力、丰富学生活动经验,这应该放在课堂中落实.提升课堂教学质量是培养学生数学思维能力的重要途径,合适的课堂教学方法有事半功倍的作用,既能提高学生的学习热情,又能取得良好的教学效果.勾股定理是平面几何有关度量的最基本定理,而勾股定理的发现、验证中,蕴含着发展学生探究能力不可多得的思维材料,教材中的活动设计也体现着探究学习的过程,这渗透着提升学生核心素养的目标.探究学习是近20年来在教育界推崇的学习方式,并且在许多研究中已经得到证实,有助于培养学生的解决数学问题的兴趣,提升创造性. 本文采用文献法、调查法、实验法、比较法进行研究,分为六个部分:第一部分提出问题,介绍研究背景、研究目的、意义及主要内容等;第二部分文献综述,主要对探究学习、数学探究进行概念界定,对国内外相关的探究学习理论综述;第三部分开展面向笔者所在学校的初中数学教师和两个平行班级的学生的问卷调查,了解他们关于初中数学课堂中的探究式学习的了解和态度;第四部分在两个平行班级中进行对比实践教学,分别作为实验班和对照班实施探究式学习课堂教学和传统课堂教学,最后对两个班级进行课后测评以及对实验班进行问卷调查,并对结果进行分析;第五部分,给出探究式学习活动设计的建议;第六部分,对本文进行总结,通过对实践后的测评及问卷进行分析得出结论,并给出《探索勾股定理》的探究式学习的教学建议,最后提出本文的不足之处以及展望. 通过教学实践,笔者对在初中开展数学探究式学习课堂有了深入的研究,探究学习对促进学生认知、思维发展、能力提升有积极影响,本文对初中数学教师进行探究式学习课堂实践有一定的借鉴作用.更多还原

【Abstract】 Faced with the requirements of the new curriculum standards and changes in the direction of the middle school entrance examination,we should attach importance to cultivating students' abilities and enriching their activity experience,which should be implemented in the classroom.Improving the quality of classroom teaching is an important way to cultivate students' mathematical thinking ability.Appropriate classroom teaching methods can achieve twice the result with half the effort.They can not only enhance students' learning enthusiasm but also achieve good teaching results.The Pythagorean theorem is the most fundamental theorem on measurement in plane geometry,and its discovery and verification contain valuable thinking materials for developing students' exploratory abilities.The activity design in textbooks also reflects the process of exploratory learning,which permeates the goal of improving students' core competencies.Exploratory learning has been a highly regarded learning method in the education industry in the past 20 years,and has been proven in many studies to cultivate students' interest in solving mathematical problems and enhance creativity. This article adopts the methods of literature review,investigation,experiment,and comparison to conduct research,which is divided into six parts: The first part raises questions,introduces the research background,research objectives,significance,and main content,etc;The second part of the literature review mainly defines the concepts of inquiry based learning and mathematical inquiry,and reviews the relevant theories of inquiry learning at home and abroad;The third part is to conduct a questionnaire survey targeting middle school mathematics teachers at the author's school and students from two parallel classes to understand their understanding and attitudes towards exploratory learning in middle school mathematics classrooms;The fourth part conducts comparative practical teaching in two parallel classes,implementing exploratory learning classroom teaching and traditional classroom teaching as experimental and control classes respectively.The fifth part provide suggestions for designing exploratory learning activities.Finally,after class evaluations are conducted for both classes,and a questionnaire survey is conducted for the experimental class,and the results are analyzed;The fifth part summarizes this article,draws conclusions through the analysis of practical evaluations and questionnaires,and provides teaching suggestions for exploratory learning of the Pythagorean theorem.Finally,the article points out the shortcomings and prospects. Through teaching practice,the author has conducted in-depth research on conducting exploratory learning in mathematics classrooms in junior high school.Exploratory learning has a positive impact on promoting student cognition,thinking development,and ability enhancement.This article has a certain reference value for junior high school mathematics teachers to carry out exploratory learning classroom practice.更多还原