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<section id="data-marshalling-support">
<span id="marshalling-utils"></span><h1>資料 marshal 操作的支援<a class="headerlink" href="#data-marshalling-support" title="連結到這個標頭">¶</a></h1>
<p>這些例程允許 C 程式碼使用與 <a class="reference internal" href="../library/marshal.html#module-marshal" title="marshal: Convert Python objects to streams of bytes and back (with different constraints)."><code class="xref py py-mod docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">marshal</span></code></a> 模組相同的資料格式來處理序列化物件。有函式可以將資料寫入序列化格式，還有其他函式可以用來讀取回資料。用來儲存 marshal 過的資料的檔案必須以二進位模式開啟。</p>
<p>數值會以最低有效位元組 (the least significant byte) 優先的方式儲存。</p>
<p>The module supports several versions of the data format; see
the <a class="reference internal" href="../library/marshal.html#module-marshal" title="marshal: Convert Python objects to streams of bytes and back (with different constraints)."><code class="xref py py-mod docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">Python</span> <span class="pre">module</span> <span class="pre">documentation</span></code></a> for details.</p>
<dl class="c macro">
<dt class="sig sig-object c" id="c.Py_MARSHAL_VERSION">
<span class="sig-name descname"><span class="n"><span class="pre">Py_MARSHAL_VERSION</span></span></span><a class="headerlink" href="#c.Py_MARSHAL_VERSION" title="連結到這個定義">¶</a><br /></dt>
<dd><p>The current format version. See <a class="reference internal" href="../library/marshal.html#marshal.version" title="marshal.version"><code class="xref py py-data docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">marshal.version</span></code></a>.</p>
</dd></dl>
<dl class="c function">
<dt class="sig sig-object c" id="c.PyMarshal_WriteLongToFile">
<span class="kt"><span class="pre">void</span></span><span class="w"> </span><span class="sig-name descname"><span class="n"><span class="pre">PyMarshal_WriteLongToFile</span></span></span><span class="sig-paren">(</span><span class="kt"><span class="pre">long</span></span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n"><span class="pre">value</span></span>, <span class="n"><span class="pre">FILE</span></span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p"><span class="pre">*</span></span><span class="n"><span class="pre">file</span></span>, <span class="kt"><span class="pre">int</span></span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n"><span class="pre">version</span></span><span class="sig-paren">)</span><a class="headerlink" href="#c.PyMarshal_WriteLongToFile" title="連結到這個定義">¶</a><br /></dt>
<dd><p>將一個 <span class="c-expr sig sig-inline c"><span class="kt">long</span></span> 整數 <em>value</em> marshal 為 <em>file</em>。這只會寫入 <em>value</em> 的最低有效 32 位元；無論原生 <span class="c-expr sig sig-inline c"><span class="kt">long</span></span> 型別的大小如何。<em>version</em> 表示檔案的格式。</p>
<p>這個函式可能會失敗，這時會設定錯誤指示器。使用 <a class="reference internal" href="exceptions.html#c.PyErr_Occurred" title="PyErr_Occurred"><code class="xref c c-func docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">PyErr_Occurred()</span></code></a> 來檢查是否發生錯誤。</p>
</dd></dl>
<dl class="c function">
<dt class="sig sig-object c" id="c.PyMarshal_WriteObjectToFile">
<span class="kt"><span class="pre">void</span></span><span class="w"> </span><span class="sig-name descname"><span class="n"><span class="pre">PyMarshal_WriteObjectToFile</span></span></span><span class="sig-paren">(</span><a class="reference internal" href="structures.html#c.PyObject" title="PyObject"><span class="n"><span class="pre">PyObject</span></span></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p"><span class="pre">*</span></span><span class="n"><span class="pre">value</span></span>, <span class="n"><span class="pre">FILE</span></span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p"><span class="pre">*</span></span><span class="n"><span class="pre">file</span></span>, <span class="kt"><span class="pre">int</span></span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n"><span class="pre">version</span></span><span class="sig-paren">)</span><a class="headerlink" href="#c.PyMarshal_WriteObjectToFile" title="連結到這個定義">¶</a><br /></dt>
<dd><p>將一個 Python 物件 <em>value</em> marshal 為 <em>file</em>。<em>version</em> 表示檔案的格式。</p>
<p>這個函式可能會失敗，這時會設定錯誤指示器。使用 <a class="reference internal" href="exceptions.html#c.PyErr_Occurred" title="PyErr_Occurred"><code class="xref c c-func docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">PyErr_Occurred()</span></code></a> 來檢查是否發生錯誤。</p>
</dd></dl>
<dl class="c function">
<dt class="sig sig-object c" id="c.PyMarshal_WriteObjectToString">
<a class="reference internal" href="structures.html#c.PyObject" title="PyObject"><span class="n"><span class="pre">PyObject</span></span></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p"><span class="pre">*</span></span><span class="sig-name descname"><span class="n"><span class="pre">PyMarshal_WriteObjectToString</span></span></span><span class="sig-paren">(</span><a class="reference internal" href="structures.html#c.PyObject" title="PyObject"><span class="n"><span class="pre">PyObject</span></span></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p"><span class="pre">*</span></span><span class="n"><span class="pre">value</span></span>, <span class="kt"><span class="pre">int</span></span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n"><span class="pre">version</span></span><span class="sig-paren">)</span><a class="headerlink" href="#c.PyMarshal_WriteObjectToString" title="連結到這個定義">¶</a><br /></dt>
<dd><em class="refcount return_new_ref">回傳值：新的參照。</em><p>回傳一個位元組物件，包含 <em>value</em> 的 marshal 表示。<em>version</em> 為檔案的格式。</p>
</dd></dl>
<p>以下函式允許將 marshal 過後的值讀取回來。</p>
<dl class="c function">
<dt class="sig sig-object c" id="c.PyMarshal_ReadLongFromFile">
<span class="kt"><span class="pre">long</span></span><span class="w"> </span><span class="sig-name descname"><span class="n"><span class="pre">PyMarshal_ReadLongFromFile</span></span></span><span class="sig-paren">(</span><span class="n"><span class="pre">FILE</span></span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p"><span class="pre">*</span></span><span class="n"><span class="pre">file</span></span><span class="sig-paren">)</span><a class="headerlink" href="#c.PyMarshal_ReadLongFromFile" title="連結到這個定義">¶</a><br /></dt>
<dd><p>從一個為讀取而開啟的 <span class="c-expr sig sig-inline c"><span class="n">FILE</span><span class="p">*</span></span> 中的資料串流回傳一個 C <span class="c-expr sig sig-inline c"><span class="kt">long</span></span>。無論 <span class="c-expr sig sig-inline c"><span class="kt">long</span></span> 的原生大小如何，這個函式只能讀取 32 位元的值。</p>
<p>在錯誤發生時，會設定合適的例外（<a class="reference internal" href="../library/exceptions.html#EOFError" title="EOFError"><code class="xref py py-exc docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">EOFError</span></code></a>）並回傳 <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">-1</span></code>。</p>
</dd></dl>
<dl class="c function">
<dt class="sig sig-object c" id="c.PyMarshal_ReadShortFromFile">
<span class="kt"><span class="pre">int</span></span><span class="w"> </span><span class="sig-name descname"><span class="n"><span class="pre">PyMarshal_ReadShortFromFile</span></span></span><span class="sig-paren">(</span><span class="n"><span class="pre">FILE</span></span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p"><span class="pre">*</span></span><span class="n"><span class="pre">file</span></span><span class="sig-paren">)</span><a class="headerlink" href="#c.PyMarshal_ReadShortFromFile" title="連結到這個定義">¶</a><br /></dt>
<dd><p>從一個為讀取而開啟的 <span class="c-expr sig sig-inline c"><span class="n">FILE</span><span class="p">*</span></span> 中的資料串流回傳一個 C <span class="c-expr sig sig-inline c"><span class="kt">short</span></span>。無論 <span class="c-expr sig sig-inline c"><span class="kt">short</span></span> 的原生大小如何，這個函式只能讀取 16 位元的值。</p>
<p>在錯誤發生時，會設定合適的例外（<a class="reference internal" href="../library/exceptions.html#EOFError" title="EOFError"><code class="xref py py-exc docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">EOFError</span></code></a>）並回傳 <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">-1</span></code>。</p>
</dd></dl>
<dl class="c function">
<dt class="sig sig-object c" id="c.PyMarshal_ReadObjectFromFile">
<a class="reference internal" href="structures.html#c.PyObject" title="PyObject"><span class="n"><span class="pre">PyObject</span></span></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p"><span class="pre">*</span></span><span class="sig-name descname"><span class="n"><span class="pre">PyMarshal_ReadObjectFromFile</span></span></span><span class="sig-paren">(</span><span class="n"><span class="pre">FILE</span></span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p"><span class="pre">*</span></span><span class="n"><span class="pre">file</span></span><span class="sig-paren">)</span><a class="headerlink" href="#c.PyMarshal_ReadObjectFromFile" title="連結到這個定義">¶</a><br /></dt>
<dd><em class="refcount return_new_ref">回傳值：新的參照。</em><p>從一個為讀取而開啟的 <span class="c-expr sig sig-inline c"><span class="n">FILE</span><span class="p">*</span></span> 中的資料串流回傳一個 Python 物件。</p>
<p>在錯誤發生時，會設定合適的例外（<a class="reference internal" href="../library/exceptions.html#EOFError" title="EOFError"><code class="xref py py-exc docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">EOFError</span></code></a>、<a class="reference internal" href="../library/exceptions.html#ValueError" title="ValueError"><code class="xref py py-exc docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">ValueError</span></code></a> 或 <a class="reference internal" href="../library/exceptions.html#TypeError" title="TypeError"><code class="xref py py-exc docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">TypeError</span></code></a>）並回傳 <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">NULL</span></code>。</p>
</dd></dl>
<dl class="c function">
<dt class="sig sig-object c" id="c.PyMarshal_ReadLastObjectFromFile">
<a class="reference internal" href="structures.html#c.PyObject" title="PyObject"><span class="n"><span class="pre">PyObject</span></span></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p"><span class="pre">*</span></span><span class="sig-name descname"><span class="n"><span class="pre">PyMarshal_ReadLastObjectFromFile</span></span></span><span class="sig-paren">(</span><span class="n"><span class="pre">FILE</span></span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p"><span class="pre">*</span></span><span class="n"><span class="pre">file</span></span><span class="sig-paren">)</span><a class="headerlink" href="#c.PyMarshal_ReadLastObjectFromFile" title="連結到這個定義">¶</a><br /></dt>
<dd><em class="refcount return_new_ref">回傳值：新的參照。</em><p>從一個為讀取而開啟的 <span class="c-expr sig sig-inline c"><span class="n">FILE</span><span class="p">*</span></span> 中的資料串流回傳一個 Python 物件。與 <a class="reference internal" href="#c.PyMarshal_ReadObjectFromFile" title="PyMarshal_ReadObjectFromFile"><code class="xref c c-func docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">PyMarshal_ReadObjectFromFile()</span></code></a> 不同，這個函式假設不會從檔案中讀取其他物件，允許它積極地將檔案資料載入記憶體，以便反序列化可以從記憶體中的資料操作，而不是從檔案中逐位元組讀取。只有在確定不會從檔案中讀取其他內容時，才使用這個變體。</p>
<p>在錯誤發生時，會設定合適的例外（<a class="reference internal" href="../library/exceptions.html#EOFError" title="EOFError"><code class="xref py py-exc docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">EOFError</span></code></a>、<a class="reference internal" href="../library/exceptions.html#ValueError" title="ValueError"><code class="xref py py-exc docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">ValueError</span></code></a> 或 <a class="reference internal" href="../library/exceptions.html#TypeError" title="TypeError"><code class="xref py py-exc docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">TypeError</span></code></a>）並回傳 <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">NULL</span></code>。</p>
</dd></dl>
<dl class="c function">
<dt class="sig sig-object c" id="c.PyMarshal_ReadObjectFromString">
<a class="reference internal" href="structures.html#c.PyObject" title="PyObject"><span class="n"><span class="pre">PyObject</span></span></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p"><span class="pre">*</span></span><span class="sig-name descname"><span class="n"><span class="pre">PyMarshal_ReadObjectFromString</span></span></span><span class="sig-paren">(</span><span class="k"><span class="pre">const</span></span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt"><span class="pre">char</span></span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p"><span class="pre">*</span></span><span class="n"><span class="pre">data</span></span>, <a class="reference internal" href="intro.html#c.Py_ssize_t" title="Py_ssize_t"><span class="n"><span class="pre">Py_ssize_t</span></span></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n"><span class="pre">len</span></span><span class="sig-paren">)</span><a class="headerlink" href="#c.PyMarshal_ReadObjectFromString" title="連結到這個定義">¶</a><br /></dt>
<dd><em class="refcount return_new_ref">回傳值：新的參照。</em><p>從一個包含 <em>len</em> 位元組、被 <em>data</em> 指向的位元組緩衝區中的資料串流回傳一個 Python 物件。</p>
<p>在錯誤發生時，會設定合適的例外（<a class="reference internal" href="../library/exceptions.html#EOFError" title="EOFError"><code class="xref py py-exc docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">EOFError</span></code></a>、<a class="reference internal" href="../library/exceptions.html#ValueError" title="ValueError"><code class="xref py py-exc docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">ValueError</span></code></a> 或 <a class="reference internal" href="../library/exceptions.html#TypeError" title="TypeError"><code class="xref py py-exc docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">TypeError</span></code></a>）並回傳 <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">NULL</span></code>。</p>
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