# Copyright (C) 2001 Python Software Foundation
# This file is distributed under the same license as the Python package.
#
# Translators:
# jerrychen <jerrychen.ee@gmail.com>, 2016
# Adrian Liaw <adrianliaw2000@gmail.com>, 2018
# Steven Hsu <hsuhaochun@gmail.com>, 2021-2022
# Phil Lin <linooohon@gmail.com>, 2022
msgid ""
msgstr ""
"Project-Id-Version: Python 3.14\n"
"Report-Msgid-Bugs-To: \n"
"POT-Creation-Date: 2025-07-22 00:17+0000\n"
"PO-Revision-Date: 2022-10-23 20:30+0800\n"
"Last-Translator: Phil Lin <linooohon@gmail.com>\n"
"Language-Team: Chinese - TAIWAN (https://github.com/python/python-docs-zh-"
"tw)\n"
"Language: zh_TW\n"
"MIME-Version: 1.0\n"
"Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8\n"
"Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit\n"
"Plural-Forms: nplurals=1; plural=0;\n"
"X-Generator: Poedit 3.2\n"

#: ../../tutorial/modules.rst:5
msgid "Modules"
msgstr "模組 (Module)"

#: ../../tutorial/modules.rst:7
msgid ""
"If you quit from the Python interpreter and enter it again, the definitions "
"you have made (functions and variables) are lost. Therefore, if you want to "
"write a somewhat longer program, you are better off using a text editor to "
"prepare the input for the interpreter and running it with that file as input "
"instead.  This is known as creating a *script*.  As your program gets "
"longer, you may want to split it into several files for easier maintenance.  "
"You may also want to use a handy function that you've written in several "
"programs without copying its definition into each program."
msgstr ""
"如果從 Python 直譯器離開後又再次進入，之前（幫函式或變數）做的定義都會消失。"
"因此，想要寫一些比較長的程式時，你最好使用編輯器來準備要輸入給直譯器的內容，"
"並且用該檔案來運行它。這就是一個\\ *腳本 (script)*。隨著你的程式越變越長，你"
"可能會想要把它分開成幾個檔案，讓它比較好維護。你可能也會想用一個你之前已經在"
"其他程式寫好的函式，但不想要複製該函式的原始定義到所有使用它的程式裡。"

#: ../../tutorial/modules.rst:16
msgid ""
"To support this, Python has a way to put definitions in a file and use them "
"in a script or in an interactive instance of the interpreter. Such a file is "
"called a *module*; definitions from a module can be *imported* into other "
"modules or into the *main* module (the collection of variables that you have "
"access to in a script executed at the top level and in calculator mode)."
msgstr ""
"為了支援這一點，Python 有一種方法可以將定義放入檔案中，並在互動模式下的直譯器"
"中使用它們。這種檔案稱為\\ *模組 (module)*；模組中的定義可以被 *import* 到其"
"他模組中，或是被 *import* 至\\ *主 (main)* 模組（在最頂層執行的腳本，以及互動"
"模式下，所使用的變數集合）。"

#: ../../tutorial/modules.rst:22
msgid ""
"A module is a file containing Python definitions and statements.  The file "
"name is the module name with the suffix :file:`.py` appended.  Within a "
"module, the module's name (as a string) is available as the value of the "
"global variable ``__name__``.  For instance, use your favorite text editor "
"to create a file called :file:`fibo.py` in the current directory with the "
"following contents::"
msgstr ""
"模組是指包含 Python 定義和語句的檔案，檔案名稱是模組名稱加上 :file:`.py`。在"
"模組中，模組的名稱（作為字串）會是全域變數 ``__name__`` 的值。例如，用你喜歡"
"的文字編輯器在資料夾中創一個名為 :file:`fibo.py` 的檔案，內容如下： ::"

#: ../../tutorial/modules.rst:28
msgid ""
"# Fibonacci numbers module\n"
"\n"
"def fib(n):\n"
"    \"\"\"Write Fibonacci series up to n.\"\"\"\n"
"    a, b = 0, 1\n"
"    while a < n:\n"
"        print(a, end=' ')\n"
"        a, b = b, a+b\n"
"    print()\n"
"\n"
"def fib2(n):\n"
"    \"\"\"Return Fibonacci series up to n.\"\"\"\n"
"    result = []\n"
"    a, b = 0, 1\n"
"    while a < n:\n"
"        result.append(a)\n"
"        a, b = b, a+b\n"
"    return result"
msgstr ""
"# 費波那契數模組\n"
"\n"
"def fib(n):\n"
"    \"\"\"寫出費波那契數列至第 n 位。\"\"\"\n"
"    a, b = 0, 1\n"
"    while a < n:\n"
"        print(a, end=' ')\n"
"        a, b = b, a+b\n"
"    print()\n"
"\n"
"def fib2(n):\n"
"    \"\"\"回傳費波那契數列至第 n 位。\"\"\"\n"
"    result = []\n"
"    a, b = 0, 1\n"
"    while a < n:\n"
"        result.append(a)\n"
"        a, b = b, a+b\n"
"    return result"

#: ../../tutorial/modules.rst:47
msgid ""
"Now enter the Python interpreter and import this module with the following "
"command::"
msgstr "現在進入 Python 直譯器並用以下指令 import 這個模組： ::"

#: ../../tutorial/modules.rst:50
msgid ">>> import fibo"
msgstr ">>> import fibo"

#: ../../tutorial/modules.rst:52
msgid ""
"This does not add the names of the functions defined in ``fibo``  directly "
"to the current :term:`namespace` (see :ref:`tut-scopes` for more details); "
"it only adds the module name ``fibo`` there. Using the module name you can "
"access the functions::"
msgstr ""
"這並不會將 ``fibo`` 中定義的函式名稱直接加入目前的 :term:`namespace` 中（詳情"
"請見 :ref:`tut-scopes`）；它只會加入 ``fibo`` 的模組名稱。使用此模組名稱，就"
"可以存取函式： ::"

#: ../../tutorial/modules.rst:57
msgid ""
">>> fibo.fib(1000)\n"
"0 1 1 2 3 5 8 13 21 34 55 89 144 233 377 610 987\n"
">>> fibo.fib2(100)\n"
"[0, 1, 1, 2, 3, 5, 8, 13, 21, 34, 55, 89]\n"
">>> fibo.__name__\n"
"'fibo'"
msgstr ""
">>> fibo.fib(1000)\n"
"0 1 1 2 3 5 8 13 21 34 55 89 144 233 377 610 987\n"
">>> fibo.fib2(100)\n"
"[0, 1, 1, 2, 3, 5, 8, 13, 21, 34, 55, 89]\n"
">>> fibo.__name__\n"
"'fibo'"

#: ../../tutorial/modules.rst:64
msgid ""
"If you intend to use a function often you can assign it to a local name::"
msgstr "如果你打算經常使用其中某個函式，可以將其指定至區域變數： ::"

#: ../../tutorial/modules.rst:66
msgid ""
">>> fib = fibo.fib\n"
">>> fib(500)\n"
"0 1 1 2 3 5 8 13 21 34 55 89 144 233 377"
msgstr ""
">>> fib = fibo.fib\n"
">>> fib(500)\n"
"0 1 1 2 3 5 8 13 21 34 55 89 144 233 377"

#: ../../tutorial/modules.rst:74
msgid "More on Modules"
msgstr "深入了解模組"

#: ../../tutorial/modules.rst:76
msgid ""
"A module can contain executable statements as well as function definitions. "
"These statements are intended to initialize the module. They are executed "
"only the *first* time the module name is encountered in an import statement. "
"[#]_ (They are also run if the file is executed as a script.)"
msgstr ""
"模組可以包含可執行的陳述式以及函式的定義。這些陳述式是作為模組的初始化，它們"
"只會在\\ *第一次*\\ 被 import 時才會執行。[#]_\\ （如果檔案被當成腳本執行，也"
"會執行它們）。"

#: ../../tutorial/modules.rst:81
msgid ""
"Each module has its own private namespace, which is used as the global "
"namespace by all functions defined in the module. Thus, the author of a "
"module can use global variables in the module without worrying about "
"accidental clashes with a user's global variables. On the other hand, if you "
"know what you are doing you can touch a module's global variables with the "
"same notation used to refer to its functions, ``modname.itemname``."
msgstr ""
"每個模組都有它自己的私有命名空間 (namespace)，模組內定義的函式會把該模組的私"
"有符號表當成全域命名空間使用。因此，模組的作者可以在模組中使用全域變數，而不"
"必擔心和使用者的全域變數發生意外的名稱衝突。另一方面，如果你知道自己在做什"
"麼，你可以用這個方式取用模組的全域變數，以和引用函式一樣的寫法，``modname."
"itemname``。"

#: ../../tutorial/modules.rst:88
msgid ""
"Modules can import other modules.  It is customary but not required to place "
"all :keyword:`import` statements at the beginning of a module (or script, "
"for that matter).  The imported module names, if placed at the top level of "
"a module (outside any functions or classes), are added to the module's "
"global namespace."
msgstr ""
"在一個模組中可以 import 其他模組。把所有的 :keyword:`import` 陳述式放在模組"
"（就這邊來說，腳本也是一樣）的最開頭是個慣例，但並沒有強制。如放置在模組的最"
"高層（不在任何函式或 class 中），被 import 的模組名稱將被加入全域命名空間中。"

#: ../../tutorial/modules.rst:93
msgid ""
"There is a variant of the :keyword:`import` statement that imports names "
"from a module directly into the importing module's namespace.  For example::"
msgstr ""
":keyword:`import` 陳述式有另一種變形寫法，可以直接將名稱從欲 import 的模組，"
"直接 import 至原模組的命名空間中。例如： ::"

#: ../../tutorial/modules.rst:96
msgid ""
">>> from fibo import fib, fib2\n"
">>> fib(500)\n"
"0 1 1 2 3 5 8 13 21 34 55 89 144 233 377"
msgstr ""
">>> from fibo import fib, fib2\n"
">>> fib(500)\n"
"0 1 1 2 3 5 8 13 21 34 55 89 144 233 377"

#: ../../tutorial/modules.rst:100
msgid ""
"This does not introduce the module name from which the imports are taken in "
"the local namespace (so in the example, ``fibo`` is not defined)."
msgstr ""
"在 import 之後的名稱會被導入，但定義該函式的整個模組名稱並不會被引入在區域命"
"名空間中（因此，示例中的 ``fibo`` 未被定義）。"

#: ../../tutorial/modules.rst:103
msgid "There is even a variant to import all names that a module defines::"
msgstr "甚至還有另一種變形寫法，可以 import 模組定義的所有名稱： ::"

#: ../../tutorial/modules.rst:105
msgid ""
">>> from fibo import *\n"
">>> fib(500)\n"
"0 1 1 2 3 5 8 13 21 34 55 89 144 233 377"
msgstr ""
">>> from fibo import *\n"
">>> fib(500)\n"
"0 1 1 2 3 5 8 13 21 34 55 89 144 233 377"

#: ../../tutorial/modules.rst:109
msgid ""
"This imports all names except those beginning with an underscore (``_``). In "
"most cases Python programmers do not use this facility since it introduces "
"an unknown set of names into the interpreter, possibly hiding some things "
"you have already defined."
msgstr ""
"這個寫法會 import 模組中所有的名稱，除了使用底線 (``_``) 開頭的名稱。大多數情"
"況下，Python 程式設計師不大使用這個功能，因為它在直譯器中引入了一組未知的名"
"稱，並且可能覆蓋了某些你已經定義的內容。"

#: ../../tutorial/modules.rst:114
msgid ""
"Note that in general the practice of importing ``*`` from a module or "
"package is frowned upon, since it often causes poorly readable code. "
"However, it is okay to use it to save typing in interactive sessions."
msgstr ""
"請注意，一般情況下並不建議從模組或套件中 import ``*`` 的做法，因為它通常會導"
"致可讀性較差的程式碼。但若是使用它來在互動模式中節省打字時間，則是可以接受"
"的。"

#: ../../tutorial/modules.rst:118
msgid ""
"If the module name is followed by :keyword:`!as`, then the name following :"
"keyword:`!as` is bound directly to the imported module."
msgstr ""
"如果模組名稱後面出現 :keyword:`!as`，則 :keyword:`!as` 之後的名稱將直接和被 "
"import 模組綁定在一起。"

#: ../../tutorial/modules.rst:123
msgid ""
">>> import fibo as fib\n"
">>> fib.fib(500)\n"
"0 1 1 2 3 5 8 13 21 34 55 89 144 233 377"
msgstr ""
">>> import fibo as fib\n"
">>> fib.fib(500)\n"
"0 1 1 2 3 5 8 13 21 34 55 89 144 233 377"

#: ../../tutorial/modules.rst:127
msgid ""
"This is effectively importing the module in the same way that ``import "
"fibo`` will do, with the only difference of it being available as ``fib``."
msgstr ""
"這個 import 方式和 ``import fibo`` 實質上是一樣的，唯一的差別是現在要用 "
"``fib`` 使用模組。"

#: ../../tutorial/modules.rst:130
msgid ""
"It can also be used when utilising :keyword:`from` with similar effects::"
msgstr "在使用 :keyword:`from` 時也可以用同樣的方式獲得類似的效果： ::"

#: ../../tutorial/modules.rst:132
msgid ""
">>> from fibo import fib as fibonacci\n"
">>> fibonacci(500)\n"
"0 1 1 2 3 5 8 13 21 34 55 89 144 233 377"
msgstr ""
">>> from fibo import fib as fibonacci\n"
">>> fibonacci(500)\n"
"0 1 1 2 3 5 8 13 21 34 55 89 144 233 377"

#: ../../tutorial/modules.rst:139
msgid ""
"For efficiency reasons, each module is only imported once per interpreter "
"session.  Therefore, if you change your modules, you must restart the "
"interpreter -- or, if it's just one module you want to test interactively, "
"use :func:`importlib.reload`, e.g. ``import importlib; importlib."
"reload(modulename)``."
msgstr ""
"出於效率原因，每個模組在每個直譯器 session 中僅會被 import 一次。因此，如果你"
"更改了模組，則必須重啟直譯器——或者，如果只是一個想要在互動模式下測試的模組，"
"可以使用 :func:`importlib.reload`。例如：``import importlib; importlib."
"reload(modulename)``。"

#: ../../tutorial/modules.rst:149
msgid "Executing modules as scripts"
msgstr "把模組當作腳本執行"

#: ../../tutorial/modules.rst:151
msgid "When you run a Python module with ::"
msgstr "當使用以下內容運行 Python 模組時： ::"

#: ../../tutorial/modules.rst:153
msgid "python fibo.py <arguments>"
msgstr "python fibo.py <arguments>"

#: ../../tutorial/modules.rst:155
msgid ""
"the code in the module will be executed, just as if you imported it, but "
"with the ``__name__`` set to ``\"__main__\"``.  That means that by adding "
"this code at the end of your module::"
msgstr ""
"如同使用 import 指令，模組中的程式碼會被執行，但 ``__name__`` 被設為 "
"``\"__main__\"``。這意味著，透過在模組的末尾添加以下程式碼： ::"

#: ../../tutorial/modules.rst:159
msgid ""
"if __name__ == \"__main__\":\n"
"    import sys\n"
"    fib(int(sys.argv[1]))"
msgstr ""
"if __name__ == \"__main__\":\n"
"    import sys\n"
"    fib(int(sys.argv[1]))"

#: ../../tutorial/modules.rst:163
msgid ""
"you can make the file usable as a script as well as an importable module, "
"because the code that parses the command line only runs if the module is "
"executed as the \"main\" file:"
msgstr ""
"你可以將檔案作為腳本也同時可以作為被 import 的模組，因為剖析 (parse) 命令列的"
"程式碼只會在當模組是「主」檔案時，才會執行："

#: ../../tutorial/modules.rst:167
msgid ""
"$ python fibo.py 50\n"
"0 1 1 2 3 5 8 13 21 34"
msgstr ""
"$ python fibo.py 50\n"
"0 1 1 2 3 5 8 13 21 34"

#: ../../tutorial/modules.rst:172
msgid "If the module is imported, the code is not run::"
msgstr "如果此模組是被 import 的，則該段程式碼不會被執行： ::"

#: ../../tutorial/modules.rst:174
msgid ""
">>> import fibo\n"
">>>"
msgstr ""
">>> import fibo\n"
">>>"

#: ../../tutorial/modules.rst:177
msgid ""
"This is often used either to provide a convenient user interface to a "
"module, or for testing purposes (running the module as a script executes a "
"test suite)."
msgstr ""
"這通常是用來為模組提供方便的使用者介面，或者用於測試目的（執行測試套件時，以"
"腳本的方式執行模組）。"

#: ../../tutorial/modules.rst:184
msgid "The Module Search Path"
msgstr "模組的搜尋路徑"

#: ../../tutorial/modules.rst:188
msgid ""
"When a module named :mod:`!spam` is imported, the interpreter first searches "
"for a built-in module with that name. These module names are listed in :data:"
"`sys.builtin_module_names`. If not found, it then searches for a file named :"
"file:`spam.py` in a list of directories given by the variable :data:`sys."
"path`.  :data:`sys.path` is initialized from these locations:"
msgstr ""
"Import 一個名為 :mod:`!spam` 的模組時，直譯器首先會搜尋具有該名稱的內建模組。"
"模組名稱列在 :data:`sys.builtin_module_names` 當中。如果找不到，接下來會在變"
"數 :data:`sys.path` 所給定的資料夾清單之中，搜尋一個名為 :file:`spam.py` 的檔"
"案。:data:`sys.path` 從這些位置開始進行初始化："

#: ../../tutorial/modules.rst:194
msgid ""
"The directory containing the input script (or the current directory when no "
"file is specified)."
msgstr "輸入腳本所位在的資料夾（如未指定檔案時，則是目前資料夾）。"

#: ../../tutorial/modules.rst:196
msgid ""
":envvar:`PYTHONPATH` (a list of directory names, with the same syntax as the "
"shell variable :envvar:`PATH`)."
msgstr ""
":envvar:`PYTHONPATH`\\ （一連串和 shell 變數 :envvar:`PATH` 的語法相同的資料"
"夾名稱）。"

#: ../../tutorial/modules.rst:198
msgid ""
"The installation-dependent default (by convention including a ``site-"
"packages`` directory, handled by the :mod:`site` module)."
msgstr ""
"與安裝相關的預設值（按慣例會包含一個 ``site-packages`` 資料夾，它是由 :mod:"
"`site` 模組所處理）。"

#: ../../tutorial/modules.rst:201
msgid "More details are at :ref:`sys-path-init`."
msgstr "在 :ref:`sys-path-init` 有更多的細節。"

#: ../../tutorial/modules.rst:204
msgid ""
"On file systems which support symlinks, the directory containing the input "
"script is calculated after the symlink is followed. In other words the "
"directory containing the symlink is **not** added to the module search path."
msgstr ""
"在支援符號連結 (symlink) 的檔案系統中，輸入腳本的所在資料夾是在跟隨符號連結之"
"後才被計算的。換言之，包含符號連結的資料夾\\ **並沒有**\\ 增加到模組的搜尋路"
"徑中。"

#: ../../tutorial/modules.rst:208
msgid ""
"After initialization, Python programs can modify :data:`sys.path`.  The "
"directory containing the script being run is placed at the beginning of the "
"search path, ahead of the standard library path. This means that scripts in "
"that directory will be loaded instead of modules of the same name in the "
"library directory. This is an error unless the replacement is intended.  See "
"section :ref:`tut-standardmodules` for more information."
msgstr ""
"初始化之後，Python 程式可以修改 :data:`sys.path`。執行中腳本的所在資料夾會在"
"搜尋路徑的開頭，在標準函式庫路徑之前。這代表該資料夾中的腳本會優先被載入，而"
"不是函式庫資料夾中相同名稱的模組。除非是有意要做這樣的替換，否則這是一個錯"
"誤。 請參見\\ :ref:`tut-standardmodules`\\ 以瞭解更多資訊。"

#: ../../tutorial/modules.rst:221
msgid "\"Compiled\" Python files"
msgstr "「編譯」Python 檔案"

#: ../../tutorial/modules.rst:223
msgid ""
"To speed up loading modules, Python caches the compiled version of each "
"module in the ``__pycache__`` directory under the name :file:`module."
"{version}.pyc`, where the version encodes the format of the compiled file; "
"it generally contains the Python version number.  For example, in CPython "
"release 3.3 the compiled version of spam.py would be cached as ``__pycache__/"
"spam.cpython-33.pyc``.  This naming convention allows compiled modules from "
"different releases and different versions of Python to coexist."
msgstr ""
"為了加快載入模組的速度，Python 將每個模組的編譯版本暫存在 ``__pycache__`` 資"
"料夾下，並命名為 :file:`module.{version}.pyc`， 這裡的 version 是編譯後的檔案"
"的格式名稱，且名稱通常會包含 Python 的版本編號。例如，在 CPython 3.3 中，"
"spam.py 的編譯版本將被暫存為 ``__pycache__/spam.cpython-33.pyc``。此命名準則"
"可以讓來自不同版本的編譯模組和 Python 的不同版本同時共存。"

#: ../../tutorial/modules.rst:231
msgid ""
"Python checks the modification date of the source against the compiled "
"version to see if it's out of date and needs to be recompiled.  This is a "
"completely automatic process.  Also, the compiled modules are platform-"
"independent, so the same library can be shared among systems with different "
"architectures."
msgstr ""
"Python 根據原始碼最後修改的日期，檢查編譯版本是否過期而需要重新編譯。這是一個"
"完全自動的過程。另外，編譯後的模組獨立於平台，因此不同架構的作業系統之間可以"
"共用同一函式庫。"

#: ../../tutorial/modules.rst:236
msgid ""
"Python does not check the cache in two circumstances.  First, it always "
"recompiles and does not store the result for the module that's loaded "
"directly from the command line.  Second, it does not check the cache if "
"there is no source module.  To support a non-source (compiled only) "
"distribution, the compiled module must be in the source directory, and there "
"must not be a source module."
msgstr ""
"Python 在兩種情況下不檢查快取 (cache)。首先，它總是重新編譯且不儲存直接從命令"
"列載入的模組的結果。第二，如果沒有源模組，則不會檢查快取。要支援非源模組（僅"
"編譯）的發布，編譯後的模組必須位於原始資料夾中，並且不能有源模組。"

#: ../../tutorial/modules.rst:243
msgid "Some tips for experts:"
msgstr "一些給專家的秘訣："

#: ../../tutorial/modules.rst:245
msgid ""
"You can use the :option:`-O` or :option:`-OO` switches on the Python command "
"to reduce the size of a compiled module.  The ``-O`` switch removes assert "
"statements, the ``-OO`` switch removes both assert statements and __doc__ "
"strings.  Since some programs may rely on having these available, you should "
"only use this option if you know what you're doing.  \"Optimized\" modules "
"have an ``opt-`` tag and are usually smaller.  Future releases may change "
"the effects of optimization."
msgstr ""
"可以在 Python 指令上使用開關參數 (switch) :option:`-O` 或 :option:`-OO` 來減"
"小已編譯模組的大小。開關參數 ``-O`` 刪除 assert（斷言）陳述式，而 ``-OO`` 同"
"時刪除 assert 陳述式和 __doc__ 字串。由於有些程式可能依賴於上述這些內容，因此"
"只有在你知道自己在做什麼時，才應使用此參數。「已優化」模組有 ``opt-`` 標記，"
"且通常較小。未來的版本可能會改變優化的效果。"

#: ../../tutorial/modules.rst:253
msgid ""
"A program doesn't run any faster when it is read from a ``.pyc`` file than "
"when it is read from a ``.py`` file; the only thing that's faster about ``."
"pyc`` files is the speed with which they are loaded."
msgstr ""
"讀取 ``.pyc`` 檔案時，程式的執行速度並不會比讀取 ``.py`` 檔案快。唯一比較快的"
"地方是載入的速度。"

#: ../../tutorial/modules.rst:257
msgid ""
"The module :mod:`compileall` can create .pyc files for all modules in a "
"directory."
msgstr "模組 :mod:`compileall` 可以為資料夾中的所有模組建立 .pyc 檔。"

#: ../../tutorial/modules.rst:260
msgid ""
"There is more detail on this process, including a flow chart of the "
"decisions, in :pep:`3147`."
msgstr "更多的細節，包括決策流程圖，請參考\\ :pep:`3147`。"

#: ../../tutorial/modules.rst:267
msgid "Standard Modules"
msgstr "標準模組"

#: ../../tutorial/modules.rst:271
msgid ""
"Python comes with a library of standard modules, described in a separate "
"document, the Python Library Reference (\"Library Reference\" hereafter).  "
"Some modules are built into the interpreter; these provide access to "
"operations that are not part of the core of the language but are "
"nevertheless built in, either for efficiency or to provide access to "
"operating system primitives such as system calls.  The set of such modules "
"is a configuration option which also depends on the underlying platform.  "
"For example, the :mod:`winreg` module is only provided on Windows systems. "
"One particular module deserves some attention: :mod:`sys`, which is built "
"into every Python interpreter.  The variables ``sys.ps1`` and ``sys.ps2`` "
"define the strings used as primary and secondary prompts::"
msgstr ""
"Python 附帶了一個標準模組庫，詳細的介紹在另一份文件，稱為「Python 函式庫參考"
"手冊」（簡稱為「函式庫參考手冊」）。有些模組是直譯器中內建的；它們使一些不屬"
"於語言核心但依然內建的運算得以存取，其目的是為了提高效率，或提供作業系統基本"
"操作（例如系統呼叫）。這些模組的集合是一個組態選項，它們取決於底層平台。例"
"如：:mod:`winreg` 模組僅供 Windows 使用。值得注意的模組是 :mod:`sys`，它被內"
"建在每個 Python 直譯器中。變數 ``sys.ps1`` 和 ``sys.ps2`` 則用來定義主、次提"
"示字元的字串： ::"

#: ../../tutorial/modules.rst:283
msgid ""
">>> import sys\n"
">>> sys.ps1\n"
"'>>> '\n"
">>> sys.ps2\n"
"'... '\n"
">>> sys.ps1 = 'C> '\n"
"C> print('Yuck!')\n"
"Yuck!\n"
"C>"
msgstr ""
">>> import sys\n"
">>> sys.ps1\n"
"'>>> '\n"
">>> sys.ps2\n"
"'... '\n"
">>> sys.ps1 = 'C> '\n"
"C> print('Yuck!')\n"
"Yuck!\n"
"C>"

#: ../../tutorial/modules.rst:294
msgid ""
"These two variables are only defined if the interpreter is in interactive "
"mode."
msgstr "只有直譯器在互動模式時，才需要定義這兩個變數。"

#: ../../tutorial/modules.rst:296
msgid ""
"The variable ``sys.path`` is a list of strings that determines the "
"interpreter's search path for modules. It is initialized to a default path "
"taken from the environment variable :envvar:`PYTHONPATH`, or from a built-in "
"default if :envvar:`PYTHONPATH` is not set.  You can modify it using "
"standard list operations::"
msgstr ""
"變數 ``sys.path`` 是一個字串 list，它決定直譯器的模組搜尋路徑。它的初始值為環"
"境變數 :envvar:`PYTHONPATH` 中提取的預設路徑，或是當 :envvar:`PYTHONPATH` 未"
"設定時，從內建預設值提取。你可以用標準的 list 操作修改該變數： ::"

#: ../../tutorial/modules.rst:302
msgid ""
">>> import sys\n"
">>> sys.path.append('/ufs/guido/lib/python')"
msgstr ""
">>> import sys\n"
">>> sys.path.append('/ufs/guido/lib/python')"

#: ../../tutorial/modules.rst:309
msgid "The :func:`dir` Function"
msgstr ":func:`dir` 函式"

#: ../../tutorial/modules.rst:311
msgid ""
"The built-in function :func:`dir` is used to find out which names a module "
"defines.  It returns a sorted list of strings::"
msgstr ""
"內建函式 :func:`dir` 用於找出模組定義的所有名稱。它回傳一個排序後的字串 "
"list： ::"

#: ../../tutorial/modules.rst:314
msgid ""
">>> import fibo, sys\n"
">>> dir(fibo)\n"
"['__name__', 'fib', 'fib2']\n"
">>> dir(sys)\n"
"['__breakpointhook__', '__displayhook__', '__doc__', '__excepthook__',\n"
" '__interactivehook__', '__loader__', '__name__', '__package__', "
"'__spec__',\n"
" '__stderr__', '__stdin__', '__stdout__', '__unraisablehook__',\n"
" '_clear_type_cache', '_current_frames', '_debugmallocstats', '_framework',\n"
" '_getframe', '_git', '_home', '_xoptions', 'abiflags', 'addaudithook',\n"
" 'api_version', 'argv', 'audit', 'base_exec_prefix', 'base_prefix',\n"
" 'breakpointhook', 'builtin_module_names', 'byteorder', 'call_tracing',\n"
" 'callstats', 'copyright', 'displayhook', 'dont_write_bytecode', "
"'exc_info',\n"
" 'excepthook', 'exec_prefix', 'executable', 'exit', 'flags', 'float_info',\n"
" 'float_repr_style', 'get_asyncgen_hooks', "
"'get_coroutine_origin_tracking_depth',\n"
" 'getallocatedblocks', 'getdefaultencoding', 'getdlopenflags',\n"
" 'getfilesystemencodeerrors', 'getfilesystemencoding', 'getprofile',\n"
" 'getrecursionlimit', 'getrefcount', 'getsizeof', 'getswitchinterval',\n"
" 'gettrace', 'hash_info', 'hexversion', 'implementation', 'int_info',\n"
" 'intern', 'is_finalizing', 'last_traceback', 'last_type', 'last_value',\n"
" 'maxsize', 'maxunicode', 'meta_path', 'modules', 'path', 'path_hooks',\n"
" 'path_importer_cache', 'platform', 'prefix', 'ps1', 'ps2', "
"'pycache_prefix',\n"
" 'set_asyncgen_hooks', 'set_coroutine_origin_tracking_depth', "
"'setdlopenflags',\n"
" 'setprofile', 'setrecursionlimit', 'setswitchinterval', 'settrace', "
"'stderr',\n"
" 'stdin', 'stdout', 'thread_info', 'unraisablehook', 'version', "
"'version_info',\n"
" 'warnoptions']"
msgstr ""
">>> import fibo, sys\n"
">>> dir(fibo)\n"
"['__name__', 'fib', 'fib2']\n"
">>> dir(sys)\n"
"['__breakpointhook__', '__displayhook__', '__doc__', '__excepthook__',\n"
" '__interactivehook__', '__loader__', '__name__', '__package__', "
"'__spec__',\n"
" '__stderr__', '__stdin__', '__stdout__', '__unraisablehook__',\n"
" '_clear_type_cache', '_current_frames', '_debugmallocstats', '_framework',\n"
" '_getframe', '_git', '_home', '_xoptions', 'abiflags', 'addaudithook',\n"
" 'api_version', 'argv', 'audit', 'base_exec_prefix', 'base_prefix',\n"
" 'breakpointhook', 'builtin_module_names', 'byteorder', 'call_tracing',\n"
" 'callstats', 'copyright', 'displayhook', 'dont_write_bytecode', "
"'exc_info',\n"
" 'excepthook', 'exec_prefix', 'executable', 'exit', 'flags', 'float_info',\n"
" 'float_repr_style', 'get_asyncgen_hooks', "
"'get_coroutine_origin_tracking_depth',\n"
" 'getallocatedblocks', 'getdefaultencoding', 'getdlopenflags',\n"
" 'getfilesystemencodeerrors', 'getfilesystemencoding', 'getprofile',\n"
" 'getrecursionlimit', 'getrefcount', 'getsizeof', 'getswitchinterval',\n"
" 'gettrace', 'hash_info', 'hexversion', 'implementation', 'int_info',\n"
" 'intern', 'is_finalizing', 'last_traceback', 'last_type', 'last_value',\n"
" 'maxsize', 'maxunicode', 'meta_path', 'modules', 'path', 'path_hooks',\n"
" 'path_importer_cache', 'platform', 'prefix', 'ps1', 'ps2', "
"'pycache_prefix',\n"
" 'set_asyncgen_hooks', 'set_coroutine_origin_tracking_depth', "
"'setdlopenflags',\n"
" 'setprofile', 'setrecursionlimit', 'setswitchinterval', 'settrace', "
"'stderr',\n"
" 'stdin', 'stdout', 'thread_info', 'unraisablehook', 'version', "
"'version_info',\n"
" 'warnoptions']"

#: ../../tutorial/modules.rst:340
msgid ""
"Without arguments, :func:`dir` lists the names you have defined currently::"
msgstr "沒有給引數時，:func:`dir` 列出目前已定義的名稱： ::"

#: ../../tutorial/modules.rst:342
msgid ""
">>> a = [1, 2, 3, 4, 5]\n"
">>> import fibo\n"
">>> fib = fibo.fib\n"
">>> dir()\n"
"['__builtins__', '__name__', 'a', 'fib', 'fibo', 'sys']"
msgstr ""
">>> a = [1, 2, 3, 4, 5]\n"
">>> import fibo\n"
">>> fib = fibo.fib\n"
">>> dir()\n"
"['__builtins__', '__name__', 'a', 'fib', 'fibo', 'sys']"

#: ../../tutorial/modules.rst:348
msgid ""
"Note that it lists all types of names: variables, modules, functions, etc."
msgstr "請注意，它列出所有類型的名稱：變數、模組、函式等。"

#: ../../tutorial/modules.rst:352
msgid ""
":func:`dir` does not list the names of built-in functions and variables.  If "
"you want a list of those, they are defined in the standard module :mod:"
"`builtins`::"
msgstr ""
":func:`dir` 不會列出內建函式和變數的名稱。如果你想要列出它們，它們被定義在標"
"準模組 :mod:`builtins` 內： ::"

#: ../../tutorial/modules.rst:356
msgid ""
">>> import builtins\n"
">>> dir(builtins)\n"
"['ArithmeticError', 'AssertionError', 'AttributeError', 'BaseException',\n"
" 'BlockingIOError', 'BrokenPipeError', 'BufferError', 'BytesWarning',\n"
" 'ChildProcessError', 'ConnectionAbortedError', 'ConnectionError',\n"
" 'ConnectionRefusedError', 'ConnectionResetError', 'DeprecationWarning',\n"
" 'EOFError', 'Ellipsis', 'EnvironmentError', 'Exception', 'False',\n"
" 'FileExistsError', 'FileNotFoundError', 'FloatingPointError',\n"
" 'FutureWarning', 'GeneratorExit', 'IOError', 'ImportError',\n"
" 'ImportWarning', 'IndentationError', 'IndexError', 'InterruptedError',\n"
" 'IsADirectoryError', 'KeyError', 'KeyboardInterrupt', 'LookupError',\n"
" 'MemoryError', 'NameError', 'None', 'NotADirectoryError', "
"'NotImplemented',\n"
" 'NotImplementedError', 'OSError', 'OverflowError',\n"
" 'PendingDeprecationWarning', 'PermissionError', 'ProcessLookupError',\n"
" 'ReferenceError', 'ResourceWarning', 'RuntimeError', 'RuntimeWarning',\n"
" 'StopIteration', 'SyntaxError', 'SyntaxWarning', 'SystemError',\n"
" 'SystemExit', 'TabError', 'TimeoutError', 'True', 'TypeError',\n"
" 'UnboundLocalError', 'UnicodeDecodeError', 'UnicodeEncodeError',\n"
" 'UnicodeError', 'UnicodeTranslateError', 'UnicodeWarning', 'UserWarning',\n"
" 'ValueError', 'Warning', 'ZeroDivisionError', '_', '__build_class__',\n"
" '__debug__', '__doc__', '__import__', '__name__', '__package__', 'abs',\n"
" 'all', 'any', 'ascii', 'bin', 'bool', 'bytearray', 'bytes', 'callable',\n"
" 'chr', 'classmethod', 'compile', 'complex', 'copyright', 'credits',\n"
" 'delattr', 'dict', 'dir', 'divmod', 'enumerate', 'eval', 'exec', 'exit',\n"
" 'filter', 'float', 'format', 'frozenset', 'getattr', 'globals', 'hasattr',\n"
" 'hash', 'help', 'hex', 'id', 'input', 'int', 'isinstance', 'issubclass',\n"
" 'iter', 'len', 'license', 'list', 'locals', 'map', 'max', 'memoryview',\n"
" 'min', 'next', 'object', 'oct', 'open', 'ord', 'pow', 'print', 'property',\n"
" 'quit', 'range', 'repr', 'reversed', 'round', 'set', 'setattr', 'slice',\n"
" 'sorted', 'staticmethod', 'str', 'sum', 'super', 'tuple', 'type', 'vars',\n"
" 'zip']"
msgstr ""
">>> import builtins\n"
">>> dir(builtins)\n"
"['ArithmeticError', 'AssertionError', 'AttributeError', 'BaseException',\n"
" 'BlockingIOError', 'BrokenPipeError', 'BufferError', 'BytesWarning',\n"
" 'ChildProcessError', 'ConnectionAbortedError', 'ConnectionError',\n"
" 'ConnectionRefusedError', 'ConnectionResetError', 'DeprecationWarning',\n"
" 'EOFError', 'Ellipsis', 'EnvironmentError', 'Exception', 'False',\n"
" 'FileExistsError', 'FileNotFoundError', 'FloatingPointError',\n"
" 'FutureWarning', 'GeneratorExit', 'IOError', 'ImportError',\n"
" 'ImportWarning', 'IndentationError', 'IndexError', 'InterruptedError',\n"
" 'IsADirectoryError', 'KeyError', 'KeyboardInterrupt', 'LookupError',\n"
" 'MemoryError', 'NameError', 'None', 'NotADirectoryError', "
"'NotImplemented',\n"
" 'NotImplementedError', 'OSError', 'OverflowError',\n"
" 'PendingDeprecationWarning', 'PermissionError', 'ProcessLookupError',\n"
" 'ReferenceError', 'ResourceWarning', 'RuntimeError', 'RuntimeWarning',\n"
" 'StopIteration', 'SyntaxError', 'SyntaxWarning', 'SystemError',\n"
" 'SystemExit', 'TabError', 'TimeoutError', 'True', 'TypeError',\n"
" 'UnboundLocalError', 'UnicodeDecodeError', 'UnicodeEncodeError',\n"
" 'UnicodeError', 'UnicodeTranslateError', 'UnicodeWarning', 'UserWarning',\n"
" 'ValueError', 'Warning', 'ZeroDivisionError', '_', '__build_class__',\n"
" '__debug__', '__doc__', '__import__', '__name__', '__package__', 'abs',\n"
" 'all', 'any', 'ascii', 'bin', 'bool', 'bytearray', 'bytes', 'callable',\n"
" 'chr', 'classmethod', 'compile', 'complex', 'copyright', 'credits',\n"
" 'delattr', 'dict', 'dir', 'divmod', 'enumerate', 'eval', 'exec', 'exit',\n"
" 'filter', 'float', 'format', 'frozenset', 'getattr', 'globals', 'hasattr',\n"
" 'hash', 'help', 'hex', 'id', 'input', 'int', 'isinstance', 'issubclass',\n"
" 'iter', 'len', 'license', 'list', 'locals', 'map', 'max', 'memoryview',\n"
" 'min', 'next', 'object', 'oct', 'open', 'ord', 'pow', 'print', 'property',\n"
" 'quit', 'range', 'repr', 'reversed', 'round', 'set', 'setattr', 'slice',\n"
" 'sorted', 'staticmethod', 'str', 'sum', 'super', 'tuple', 'type', 'vars',\n"
" 'zip']"

#: ../../tutorial/modules.rst:391
msgid "Packages"
msgstr "套件 (Package)"

#: ../../tutorial/modules.rst:393
msgid ""
"Packages are a way of structuring Python's module namespace by using "
"\"dotted module names\".  For example, the module name :mod:`!A.B` "
"designates a submodule named ``B`` in a package named ``A``.  Just like the "
"use of modules saves the authors of different modules from having to worry "
"about each other's global variable names, the use of dotted module names "
"saves the authors of multi-module packages like NumPy or Pillow from having "
"to worry about each other's module names."
msgstr ""
"套件是一種使用「點分隔模組名稱」組織 Python 模組命名空間的方法。例如，模組名"
"稱 :mod:`!A.B` 表示套件 ``A`` 中名為 ``B`` 的子模組。正如模組使用時，不同模組"
"的作者不需擔心與其他模組的全域變數名稱重複，點分隔模組名稱的使用，也讓多模組"
"套件（像 NumPy 或 Pillow）的作者們不須擔心其他套件的模組名稱。"

#: ../../tutorial/modules.rst:401
msgid ""
"Suppose you want to design a collection of modules (a \"package\") for the "
"uniform handling of sound files and sound data.  There are many different "
"sound file formats (usually recognized by their extension, for example: :"
"file:`.wav`, :file:`.aiff`, :file:`.au`), so you may need to create and "
"maintain a growing collection of modules for the conversion between the "
"various file formats. There are also many different operations you might "
"want to perform on sound data (such as mixing, adding echo, applying an "
"equalizer function, creating an artificial stereo effect), so in addition "
"you will be writing a never-ending stream of modules to perform these "
"operations.  Here's a possible structure for your package (expressed in "
"terms of a hierarchical filesystem):"
msgstr ""
"假設你想設計一個能統一處理音訊檔案及音訊數據的模組集（「套件」）。因為音訊檔"
"案有很多的不同的格式（通常以它們的副檔名來辨識，例如：:file:`.wav`、:file:`."
"aiff`、:file:`.au`\\ ），因此，為了不同檔案格式之間的轉換，你會需要建立和維護"
"一個不斷增長的模組集合。為了要達成對音訊數據的許多不同作業（例如，音訊混合、"
"增加回聲、套用等化器功能、創造人工立體音效），你將編寫一系列無止盡的模組來執"
"行這些作業。以下是你的套件可能的架構（以階層式檔案系統的方式表示）："

#: ../../tutorial/modules.rst:412
msgid ""
"sound/                          Top-level package\n"
"      __init__.py               Initialize the sound package\n"
"      formats/                  Subpackage for file format conversions\n"
"              __init__.py\n"
"              wavread.py\n"
"              wavwrite.py\n"
"              aiffread.py\n"
"              aiffwrite.py\n"
"              auread.py\n"
"              auwrite.py\n"
"              ...\n"
"      effects/                  Subpackage for sound effects\n"
"              __init__.py\n"
"              echo.py\n"
"              surround.py\n"
"              reverse.py\n"
"              ...\n"
"      filters/                  Subpackage for filters\n"
"              __init__.py\n"
"              equalizer.py\n"
"              vocoder.py\n"
"              karaoke.py\n"
"              ..."
msgstr ""
"sound/                          Top-level package\n"
"      __init__.py               Initialize the sound package\n"
"      formats/                  Subpackage for file format conversions\n"
"              __init__.py\n"
"              wavread.py\n"
"              wavwrite.py\n"
"              aiffread.py\n"
"              aiffwrite.py\n"
"              auread.py\n"
"              auwrite.py\n"
"              ...\n"
"      effects/                  Subpackage for sound effects\n"
"              __init__.py\n"
"              echo.py\n"
"              surround.py\n"
"              reverse.py\n"
"              ...\n"
"      filters/                  Subpackage for filters\n"
"              __init__.py\n"
"              equalizer.py\n"
"              vocoder.py\n"
"              karaoke.py\n"
"              ..."

#: ../../tutorial/modules.rst:438
msgid ""
"When importing the package, Python searches through the directories on ``sys."
"path`` looking for the package subdirectory."
msgstr "Import 套件時，Python 會搜尋 ``sys.path`` 裡的目錄，尋找套件的子目錄。"

#: ../../tutorial/modules.rst:441
msgid ""
"The :file:`__init__.py` files are required to make Python treat directories "
"containing the file as packages (unless using a :term:`namespace package`, a "
"relatively advanced feature). This prevents directories with a common name, "
"such as ``string``, from unintentionally hiding valid modules that occur "
"later on the module search path. In the simplest case, :file:`__init__.py` "
"can just be an empty file, but it can also execute initialization code for "
"the package or set the ``__all__`` variable, described later."
msgstr ""
"目錄中必須含有 :file:`__init__.py` 檔案，才會被 Pyhon 當成套件（除非有使用 :"
"term:`namespace package`，為一個相對進階的功能）；這樣可以避免一些以常用名稱"
"命名（例如 ``string``\\ ）的目錄，無意中隱藏了較晚出現在模組搜尋路徑中的有效"
"模組。在最簡單的情況，:file:`__init__.py` 可以只是一個空白檔案；但它也可以執"
"行套件的初始化程式碼，或設置 ``__all__`` 變數，之後會詳述。"

#: ../../tutorial/modules.rst:449
msgid ""
"Users of the package can import individual modules from the package, for "
"example::"
msgstr "套件使用者可以從套件中 import 個別模組，例如： ::"

#: ../../tutorial/modules.rst:452
msgid "import sound.effects.echo"
msgstr "import sound.effects.echo"

#: ../../tutorial/modules.rst:454
msgid ""
"This loads the submodule :mod:`!sound.effects.echo`.  It must be referenced "
"with its full name. ::"
msgstr ""
"這樣就載入了子模組 :mod:`!sound.effects.echo`。引用時必須用它的全名： ::"

#: ../../tutorial/modules.rst:457
msgid "sound.effects.echo.echofilter(input, output, delay=0.7, atten=4)"
msgstr "sound.effects.echo.echofilter(input, output, delay=0.7, atten=4)"

#: ../../tutorial/modules.rst:459
msgid "An alternative way of importing the submodule is::"
msgstr "另一種 import 子模組的方法是： ::"

#: ../../tutorial/modules.rst:461
msgid "from sound.effects import echo"
msgstr "from sound.effects import echo"

#: ../../tutorial/modules.rst:463
msgid ""
"This also loads the submodule :mod:`!echo`, and makes it available without "
"its package prefix, so it can be used as follows::"
msgstr ""
"這段程式碼一樣可以載入子模組 :mod:`!echo`，並且不加套件前綴也可以使用，因此能"
"以如下方式使用： ::"

#: ../../tutorial/modules.rst:466
msgid "echo.echofilter(input, output, delay=0.7, atten=4)"
msgstr "echo.echofilter(input, output, delay=0.7, atten=4)"

#: ../../tutorial/modules.rst:468
msgid ""
"Yet another variation is to import the desired function or variable "
"directly::"
msgstr "另一種變化是直接 import 所需的函式或變數： ::"

#: ../../tutorial/modules.rst:470
msgid "from sound.effects.echo import echofilter"
msgstr "from sound.effects.echo import echofilter"

#: ../../tutorial/modules.rst:472
msgid ""
"Again, this loads the submodule :mod:`!echo`, but this makes its function :"
"func:`!echofilter` directly available::"
msgstr ""
"同樣地，這樣也會載入子模組 :mod:`!echo`，但它的函式 :func:`!echofilter` 就可"
"以直接使用： ::"

#: ../../tutorial/modules.rst:475
msgid "echofilter(input, output, delay=0.7, atten=4)"
msgstr "echofilter(input, output, delay=0.7, atten=4)"

#: ../../tutorial/modules.rst:477
msgid ""
"Note that when using ``from package import item``, the item can be either a "
"submodule (or subpackage) of the package, or some  other name defined in the "
"package, like a function, class or variable.  The ``import`` statement first "
"tests whether the item is defined in the package; if not, it assumes it is a "
"module and attempts to load it.  If it fails to find it, an :exc:"
"`ImportError` exception is raised."
msgstr ""
"請注意，使用 ``from package import item`` 時，item 可以是套件的子模組（或子套"
"件），也可以是套件中被定義的名稱，像是函式、class （類別）或變數。``import`` "
"陳述式首先測試套件中有沒有定義該 item；如果沒有，則會假設它是模組，並嘗試載"
"入。如果還是找不到 item，則會引發 :exc:`ImportError` 例外。"

#: ../../tutorial/modules.rst:484
msgid ""
"Contrarily, when using syntax like ``import item.subitem.subsubitem``, each "
"item except for the last must be a package; the last item can be a module or "
"a package but can't be a class or function or variable defined in the "
"previous item."
msgstr ""
"相反地，使用 ``import item.subitem.subsubitem`` 語法時，除了最後一項之外，每"
"一項都必須是套件；最後一項可以是模組或套件，但不能是前一項中定義的 class、函"
"式或變數。"

#: ../../tutorial/modules.rst:493
msgid "Importing \\* From a Package"
msgstr "從套件中 import \\*"

#: ../../tutorial/modules.rst:497
msgid ""
"Now what happens when the user writes ``from sound.effects import *``?  "
"Ideally, one would hope that this somehow goes out to the filesystem, finds "
"which submodules are present in the package, and imports them all.  This "
"could take a long time and importing sub-modules might have unwanted side-"
"effects that should only happen when the sub-module is explicitly imported."
msgstr ""
"當使用者寫下 ``from sound.effects import *`` 時，會發生什麼事？理想情況下，我"
"們可能希望程式碼會去檔案系統，尋找套件中存在的子模組，並將它們全部 import。這"
"會花費較長的時間，且 import 子模組的過程可能會有不必要的副作用，這些副作用只"
"有在明確地 import 子模組時才會發生。"

#: ../../tutorial/modules.rst:503
msgid ""
"The only solution is for the package author to provide an explicit index of "
"the package.  The :keyword:`import` statement uses the following convention: "
"if a package's :file:`__init__.py` code defines a list named ``__all__``, it "
"is taken to be the list of module names that should be imported when ``from "
"package import *`` is encountered.  It is up to the package author to keep "
"this list up-to-date when a new version of the package is released.  Package "
"authors may also decide not to support it, if they don't see a use for "
"importing \\* from their package.  For example, the file :file:`sound/"
"effects/__init__.py` could contain the following code::"
msgstr ""
"唯一的解法是由套件作者為套件提供明確的索引。:keyword:`import` 陳述式使用以下"
"慣例：如果套件的 :file:`__init__.py` 程式碼有定義一個名為 ``__all__`` 的 "
"list，若遇到 ``from package import *`` 的時候，它就會是要被 import 的模組名"
"稱。發布套件的新版本時，套件作者可自行決定是否更新此 list。如果套件作者認為沒"
"有人會從他的套件中 import \\*，他也可能會決定不支援這個 list。舉例來說，:"
"file:`sound/effects/__init__.py` 檔案可包含以下程式碼： ::"

#: ../../tutorial/modules.rst:513
msgid "__all__ = [\"echo\", \"surround\", \"reverse\"]"
msgstr "__all__ = [\"echo\", \"surround\", \"reverse\"]"

#: ../../tutorial/modules.rst:515
msgid ""
"This would mean that ``from sound.effects import *`` would import the three "
"named submodules of the :mod:`!sound.effects` package."
msgstr ""
"意思是，``from sound.effects import *`` 將會 import :mod:`!sound.effects` 套"
"件中，這三個被提名的子模組。"

#: ../../tutorial/modules.rst:518
msgid ""
"Be aware that submodules might become shadowed by locally defined names. For "
"example, if you added a ``reverse`` function to the :file:`sound/effects/"
"__init__.py` file, the ``from sound.effects import *`` would only import the "
"two submodules ``echo`` and ``surround``, but *not* the ``reverse`` "
"submodule, because it is shadowed by the locally defined ``reverse`` "
"function::"
msgstr ""
"請注意，子模組可能會被區域定義 (locally defined) 的名稱遮蔽。例如，如果你在 :"
"file:`sound/effects/__init__.py` 檔案中新增了一個 ``reverse`` 函式，則 "
"``from sound.effects import *`` 只會引入兩個子模組 ``echo`` 和 ``surround``，"
"但\\ *不是* ``reverse`` 子模組，因為它被區域定義的 ``reverse`` 函式遮蔽"
"了： ::"

#: ../../tutorial/modules.rst:525
msgid ""
"__all__ = [\n"
"    \"echo\",      # refers to the 'echo.py' file\n"
"    \"surround\",  # refers to the 'surround.py' file\n"
"    \"reverse\",   # !!! refers to the 'reverse' function now !!!\n"
"]\n"
"\n"
"def reverse(msg: str):  # <-- this name shadows the 'reverse.py' submodule\n"
"    return msg[::-1]    #     in the case of a 'from sound.effects import *'"
msgstr ""
"__all__ = [\n"
"    \"echo\",      # 指向 'echo.py' 檔案\n"
"    \"surround\",  # 指向 'surround.py' 檔案\n"
"    \"reverse\",   # !!! 現在指向 'reverse' 函式 !!!\n"
"]\n"
"\n"
"def reverse(msg: str):  #  <-- 在 'from sound.effects import *' 的情況下\n"
"    return msg[::-1]    #     這個名稱遮蔽了 'reverse.py' 子模組"

#: ../../tutorial/modules.rst:534
msgid ""
"If ``__all__`` is not defined, the statement ``from sound.effects import *`` "
"does *not* import all submodules from the package :mod:`!sound.effects` into "
"the current namespace; it only ensures that the package :mod:`!sound."
"effects` has been imported (possibly running any initialization code in :"
"file:`__init__.py`) and then imports whatever names are defined in the "
"package.  This includes any names defined (and submodules explicitly loaded) "
"by :file:`__init__.py`.  It also includes any submodules of the package that "
"were explicitly loaded by previous :keyword:`import` statements.  Consider "
"this code::"
msgstr ""
"如果 ``__all__`` 沒有被定義，``from sound.effects import *`` 陳述式\\ *並不會"
"*\\ 把 :mod:`!sound.effects` 套件中所有子模組都 import 到目前的命名空間；它只"
"保證 :mod:`!sound.effects` 套件有被 import（可能會運行 :file:`__init__.py` 中"
"的初始化程式碼），然後 import 套件中被定義的全部名稱。這包含 :file:`__init__."
"py` 定義（以及被明確載入的子模組）的任何名稱。它也包括任何之前被 :keyword:"
"`import` 陳述式明確載入的套件子模組。請看以下程式碼： ::"

#: ../../tutorial/modules.rst:543
msgid ""
"import sound.effects.echo\n"
"import sound.effects.surround\n"
"from sound.effects import *"
msgstr ""
"import sound.effects.echo\n"
"import sound.effects.surround\n"
"from sound.effects import *"

#: ../../tutorial/modules.rst:547
msgid ""
"In this example, the :mod:`!echo` and :mod:`!surround` modules are imported "
"in the current namespace because they are defined in the :mod:`!sound."
"effects` package when the ``from...import`` statement is executed.  (This "
"also works when ``__all__`` is defined.)"
msgstr ""
"此例中，當 ``from...import`` 陳述式被執行時，:mod:`!echo` 和 :mod:`!"
"surround` 模組被 import 進目前的命名空間，因為它們是在 :mod:`!sound.effects` "
"套件裡定義的。（當 ``__all__`` 有被定義時，這規則也有效。）"

#: ../../tutorial/modules.rst:552
msgid ""
"Although certain modules are designed to export only names that follow "
"certain patterns when you use ``import *``, it is still considered bad "
"practice in production code."
msgstr ""
"雖然，有些特定模組的設計，讓你使用 ``import *`` 時，該模組只會輸出遵循特定樣"
"式的名稱，但在正式環境 (production) 的程式碼中這仍然被視為是不良習慣。"

#: ../../tutorial/modules.rst:556
msgid ""
"Remember, there is nothing wrong with using ``from package import "
"specific_submodule``!  In fact, this is the recommended notation unless the "
"importing module needs to use submodules with the same name from different "
"packages."
msgstr ""
"記住，使用 ``from package import specific_submodule`` 不會有任何問題！實際"
"上，這是推薦用法，除非 import 的模組需要用到的子模組和其他套件的子模組同名。"

#: ../../tutorial/modules.rst:565
msgid "Intra-package References"
msgstr "套件內引用"

#: ../../tutorial/modules.rst:567
msgid ""
"When packages are structured into subpackages (as with the :mod:`!sound` "
"package in the example), you can use absolute imports to refer to submodules "
"of siblings packages.  For example, if the module :mod:`!sound.filters."
"vocoder` needs to use the :mod:`!echo` module in the :mod:`!sound.effects` "
"package, it can use ``from sound.effects import echo``."
msgstr ""
"當套件的結構為多個子套件的組合時（如同範例中的 :mod:`!sound` 套件），可以使用"
"「絕對 (absolute) import」，引用同層套件中的子模組。例如，要在 :mod:`!sound."
"filters.vocoder` 模組中使用 :mod:`!sound.effects` 中的 :mod:`!echo` 模組時，"
"可以用 ``from sound.effects import echo``。"

#: ../../tutorial/modules.rst:573
msgid ""
"You can also write relative imports, with the ``from module import name`` "
"form of import statement.  These imports use leading dots to indicate the "
"current and parent packages involved in the relative import.  From the :mod:"
"`!surround` module for example, you might use::"
msgstr ""
"你也可以用 ``from module import name`` 的 import 陳述式，編寫「相對 "
"(relative) import」。這些 import 使用前導句號指示相對 import 中的目前套件和母"
"套件。例如，在 :mod:`!urround` 模組中，你可以使用： ::"

#: ../../tutorial/modules.rst:578
msgid ""
"from . import echo\n"
"from .. import formats\n"
"from ..filters import equalizer"
msgstr ""
"from . import echo\n"
"from .. import formats\n"
"from ..filters import equalizer"

#: ../../tutorial/modules.rst:582
msgid ""
"Note that relative imports are based on the name of the current module's "
"package. Since the main module does not have a package, modules intended for "
"use as the main module of a Python application must always use absolute "
"imports."
msgstr ""
"請注意，相對 import 的運作是以目前模組的套件名稱為依據。因為主模組並沒有套件，"
"所以如果一個模組預期被用作 Python 應用程式的主模組，那它必須永遠使用絕對引入。"

#: ../../tutorial/modules.rst:588
msgid "Packages in Multiple Directories"
msgstr "多目錄中的套件"

#: ../../tutorial/modules.rst:590
msgid ""
"Packages support one more special attribute, :attr:`~module.__path__`.  This "
"is initialized to be a :term:`sequence` of strings containing the name of "
"the directory holding the package's :file:`__init__.py` before the code in "
"that file is executed.  This variable can be modified; doing so affects "
"future searches for modules and subpackages contained in the package."
msgstr ""
"套件也支援一個特殊屬性 :attr:`~module.__path__`。它在初始化時是一個字串的\\ :"
"term:`序列 <sequence>`\\ 的 :file:`__init__.py` 檔案所在的目錄名稱，初始化時"
"機是在這個檔案的程式碼被執行之前。這個變數可以被修改，但這樣做會影響將來對套"
"件內的模組和子套件的搜尋。"

#: ../../tutorial/modules.rst:597
msgid ""
"While this feature is not often needed, it can be used to extend the set of "
"modules found in a package."
msgstr "雖然這個特色不太常被需要，但它可用於擴充套件中的模組集合。"

#: ../../tutorial/modules.rst:602
msgid "Footnotes"
msgstr "註解"

#: ../../tutorial/modules.rst:603
msgid ""
"In fact function definitions are also 'statements' that are 'executed'; the "
"execution of a module-level function definition adds the function name to "
"the module's global namespace."
msgstr ""
"實際上，函式定義也是「被執行」的「陳述式」；在執行模組階層的函式定義時，會將"
"函式名稱加到模組的全域命名空間。"

#: ../../tutorial/modules.rst:186 ../../tutorial/modules.rst:269
#: ../../tutorial/modules.rst:350
msgid "module"
msgstr "module（模組）"

#: ../../tutorial/modules.rst:186
msgid "search"
msgstr "search（搜尋）"

#: ../../tutorial/modules.rst:186
msgid "path"
msgstr "path（路徑）"

#: ../../tutorial/modules.rst:269
msgid "sys"
msgstr "sys"

#: ../../tutorial/modules.rst:350
msgid "builtins"
msgstr "builtins（內建）"

#: ../../tutorial/modules.rst:495
msgid "__all__"
msgstr "__all__"